Using the data set of the fourth National Health Care Service Survey conducted in 2008,this study explores the relationship between the parental migration and the remaining children’s health wellbeing.We find that there are significant differences in health condition and healthcare utilization between the children living with both parents and the children left behind in rural area:the children left behind by the migrating parent(s) are much easier to get sick and also have higher probability to get outpatient service than the children living with both parents at home;besides that,there are big differences within the children left behind,especially the children whose mothers are migrating out are the most vulnerable group:they get the highest risk to get sick while lowest possibility to get treatment.